← Back To Menu
01 · 003
能愿动词:能
Modal Verb: néng
一级 · Level 1
许可 · 能力与条件
Permission · Ability & Conditions
核心语法结构 Core Grammar Structures

肯定 Positive

公式: + V

今天我们完成任务。
We can finish the task today.

否定 Negative

公式:不能 + V

我今天喝酒了,不能开车。
I drank today, so I cannot drive.

疑问 Interrogative

+V+吗? / 能不能+V?

帮我买点东西吗?
Can you help me buy something?
能不能参加这次活动?
Can you participate in this activity?
「能」的两大核心用法 Two Core Usages of 能

① 许可(Permission)

询问或说明在特定环境下是否允许做某事。
To ask or indicate whether something is permitted under specific circumstances or social norms.

这里不能停车。
Parking is not allowed here.
喝酒后不能开车。
You cannot drive after drinking.

② 能力与条件(Ability & Conditions)

指具备某种客观条件或自身能力去完成某事。
Indicates having the objective conditions or personal ability to accomplish something.

只要有一个手机,很多事情都解决。
As long as you have a phone, many things can be solved.
只有他帮你。
Only he can help you.
用法一:表示许可(Permission)

「能」常用于询问或说明在特定环境下是否允许做某事。
"néng" is often used to ask for or indicate whether something is permitted under specific circumstances, conditions, or social norms.

场景演练:在考场
师:考试的时候,我们看同桌的吗?
Can we look at our deskmate's paper during the exam?
Teacher asks about exam rules.
生:不能看同桌的。
We cannot look at our deskmate's.
师:考试的时候,能不能用手机?
Can we use mobile phones during the exam?
生:考试的时候不能用手机。
We cannot use phones during the exam.
场景演练:公园指示牌 Scenario: Park Signs
问:我们开车进公园吗?
答:我们不能开车进公园。
Can we drive into the park? — No, we cannot.
问:我们骑车进公园吗?
答:我们不能骑车进公园。
Can we bike into the park? — No, we cannot.
问:我们能不能带宠物进公园?
答:我们带宠物进公园。
Can we bring pets into the park? — Yes, we can.
用法二:能力与条件 Ability & Conditions

指具备某种客观条件或自身能力去完成某事。
Indicates having the objective conditions or personal ability to accomplish something.

条件探讨:谁能当老师?
✗ 不会说英语的人不能当英语老师。
People who can't speak English cannot be English teachers.
✓ 有耐心的人当好一个老师。
Patient people can be good teachers.
✓ 喜欢孩子的人当好一个老师。
People who like children can be good teachers.
能力衡量:体育测试 Ability: Sports Standards

能力达到一定程度或效率时使用「能」。

大卫一分钟跳 70 个。
David can jump 70 times in one minute.
安娜一分钟跳 90 个。
Anna can jump 90 times in one minute.
大卫一分钟能不能跳 90 个?— 大卫一分钟不能跳 90 个。
Can David jump 90 times in a minute? — No, he cannot.
「能」的其他补充用法 Other Usages — Brief Overview

用途 Function

这种药治流感。
This medicine can cure the flu.

擅长 Good at

这个小伙子真说。
This young man is really eloquent.

可能性 Possibility

今天的天气这么好,哪儿下雨?
The weather is so good today, how could it rain?
偏误一:缺失能愿动词 Error 1 · Missing Modal Verb
✗ 错误
吃药解决体质差的问题。
缺少能愿动词「能」。Missing the modal verb 能.
✓ 正确
吃药不能解决体质差的问题。
Medicine cannot solve the problem of poor constitution.
偏误二:错用「会」表示许可 Error 2 · Using 会 for Permission

表示环境或情理上的允许,只能用「能」。
To express permission based on circumstances or reason, you can only use 能.

✗ 错误
明天我来和你一起做作业吗?
「会」不用于询问许可。会 is not used for asking permission.
✓ 正确
明天我来和你一起做作业吗?
Can I come to do homework with you tomorrow?
「能」VS「会」对比总结 能 vs 会 Summary
● 能(néng)
核心含义:许可 / 条件具备
Permission / Conditions allow
例:你满18岁了,考驾照了。
You're 18, you can take the driving test now.
● 会(huì)
核心含义:学习获得的技能
Skills acquired through learning
例:经过一年的学习,我说中文了。
After a year of study, I can speak Chinese.
💡 强调经过学习掌握某种技能,应使用「会」;「不会」强调技能的缺乏。
Use 会 to emphasize a skill learned through study; 不会 emphasizes lack of skill.
完成 0 / 10 题
一、填空题:「能」还是「不能」?Fill in: 能 or 不能
No parking here.
1. 这里 停车。
As long as you have a phone, many things can be solved.
2. 只要有一个手机,很多事情都 解决。
I drank today, so I cannot drive.
3. 我今天喝酒了, 开车。
二、辨析:「能」还是「会」?Choose 能 or 会
The baby is only 1 year old and hasn't learned to walk yet.
4. 弟弟才一岁,还 走路。
My leg is injured; I can't play soccer today. (physical condition)
5. 我的腿受伤了,今天 去踢足球了。
Can I come to do homework with you tomorrow? (asking permission)
6. 明天我 来和你一起做作业吗?
三、连词成句 Reorder the words
Patient people can be good teachers.
用以下词语连词成句:
当好 有耐心的人 一个老师
We cannot use phones during the exam.
用以下词语连词成句:
考试的时候 不能 用手机
四、判断题 True / False
Sentence: 安娜是新同学,还不能说中文。
「安娜是新同学,还不说中文。」这句话是正确的。
Sentence: 这里不能停车。
「这里不能停车。」这句话是正确的。

还有疑问?欢迎通过下方联系方式找到老师,获得一对一的解答与指导。 · Still have questions? Feel free to reach out below for one-on-one guidance.